Sodium and salt are found primarily in
prepared and processed foods.
Sodium
and sodium chloride -- known commonly as salt -- occur naturally in foods,
usually in small amounts. Most dietary sodium comes from foods to which
salt has been added during processing and/or preparation. However, some
people add salt or sauces such as soy sauce, to their food. This practice
will cause a considerable increase in daily sodium intake.Sodium is associated with high blood
pressure.
In
the body, sodium plays an essential role in regulation of fluids and blood
pressure. Many studies in diverse populations have shown that a high
sodium intake is associated with higher blood pressure
 in sodium sensitive
individuals. Most evidence suggests that many people at risk for high
blood pressure reduce their chances of developing this condition by
consuming less salt or sodium. Some questions remain unanswered, partly
because other factors affect blood pressure.
Following
other guidelines in the
Dietary
Guidelines
for
Americans may
also help prevent high blood pressure. An important example is the
guideline on weight and physical activity.
Other factors affect blood pressure
The
role of body
weight
in blood pressure control is well documented. Blood pressure increases
with weight and decreases when weight is lost. Even as little as 10 pounds
can result in lower blood pressure readings.
The guideline to consume a diet
with plenty of fruits
 and vegetables
is important because fruits and vegetables are naturally lower in sodium
and fat and may help with weight reduction maintenance.
Consuming more fruits and vegetables also increases potassium
intakes which may help to reduce blood pressure.
Increased physical
activity
 helps
lower blood pressure and control weight.
Alcohol
consumption is also associated with high blood pressure. So, if you drink,
do so in moderation.
Another reason to reduce salt intake is the fact that high salt intakes
may increase the amount of calcium
excreted in the urine and, therefore, increase the body's need for
calcium.
Most Americans consume more salt
than is needed.
 Sodium
has an important role in the body. However, most Americans consume more
sodium than is needed. The Nutrition Facts Label lists a Daily Value of
2,400 mg per day for sodium [2,400 mg sodium per day is contained in 6
grams of sodium chloride (salt)]. In household measures, one level
teaspoon of salt provides about 2,300 milligrams of sodium. Most people
consume more than this amount.
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